Correct technique for collecting Urine sample in Catheter Patients

Introduction to Urine sample in Catheter Patients :

The Medbros recently discussed the importance of early diagnosis and proper management of urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially in elderly patients.

 

What Causes a UTI? 

 A UTI occurs when bacteria enter the urinary system, leading to infection in the bladder, urethra, or even the kidneys.

 

Why  are Elderly People more Prone to UTIs? 

Elderly individuals, particularly those using Foley’s catheters, are at higher risk due to factors like reduced immunity and prolonged catheterization. 

 

What are the symptoms of UTIs?

Symptoms may include fever, burning sensation during urination, lower abdominal pain, confusion, or sudden changes in behavior in older adults.

 

How is a UTI$ Diagnosed?

To accurately diagnose a UTI, The Medbros emphasis  the importance of two key investigations.

1. urine routine and microscopic examination.
2.  Urine culture and sensitivity

 

Benefits of UTI investigation :

 The urine routine helps detect signs of infection such as pus cells, red blood cells, or bacteria, while the culture and sensitivity test identifies the specific bacteria causing the infection.

 

Treatment of UTIs :

 The most effective antibiotic to treat it. 

 

What happens if a UTI is not treated? 

If left untreated, a UTI can progress to a more serious infection, potentially damaging the kidneys and leading to complications like sepsis, especially in frail elderly patients.

 

Method For Collection of Urine :

The Medbros also clarified the correct technique for collecting a urine sample in catheterized patients. We strongly advised against draining urine directly from the Foley’s catheter bag for testing, as it can be contaminated and yield inaccurate results. Instead,

1.  We demonstrated that urine should be collected using a sterile syringe. This method ensures the sample is fresh and uncontaminated, providing reliable results for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

 

Untreated Urine :

  If the urine is left untreated for a long time, the patient gets UTI again and again. Urinary tract infection.

 Recurrent UTI and especially those who are diabetic patients or patients who are undergoing long term catheterization, due to improper cleaning, urinary infection happens again and again.

 

Why UTIs are more common in Winter?

 In winters, fever comes and it feels so cold with chills and rigors that you feel like blowing off the blankets. If the patient does not get relief, then a urine test is very important to find out whether there is UTI or not. 

 

What do Urinalysis results mean? 

Urine protein and microscopic and culture sensitivity.

 

 What will be found out from protein and microscopic whether there are pus cells in urine or not?

Normally, pus cells in urine are less than five. There should be no pus cells, otherwise there should not be any. Permissible limit: If three or four pus cells are coming, it should be accepted. There may be red blood cells, that is, blood should not be there.

 Epithelial cells should not be there, but if they are less than five, then there is no need to worry. You can tell the patient to keep the urinary tract clean, keep the catheter clean, drink more water, he will be fine and wait for the culture report. 

If there is any growth in it, then accordingly you can prescribe antibiotics. If the patient is getting pus cells in abundance, or if you tested the urine and 80 plus cells came in it, then it is an indication that the patient has frank urinary tract infection, which is also called lower urinary tract syndrome nowadays, in which if you do not give antibiotics, then gradually this infection will increase and reach the kidney and urosepsis can also happen.

Pyelonephritis can also cause pus formation in the kidneys. So, to prevent this from happening, we need to do a proper test. 

 

Today, We will tell you the correct sampling method.

Let me explain by example, 

1.  If this is a urine bag, then some people make a mistake by opening the urine bag and taking a urine sample from it. This is the wrong way. You should not do this. If you take a sample from this bag, then this bag has been lying in the patient’s body for many days and is stuck to it. So, there is a lot of infection in it. So, it is unsterile and unhygienic. We should not take a sample from it.

 

 What is the best way to take a Urine sample? 

1. Give this part of the syringe. You have to bend the catheter and block it in this way. When you block the catheter, the part that has gone in through the urine path and is lying in the bladder, if you close the exit from it, then some urine will be formed inside the bladder.
2.  When urine is formed inside the bladder, then we will take a sterile vial, we will open the packing of the sterile vial and after opening the packing we will see in the other patient that we had inserted this in him a while ago, now this is his catheter in it, this is the catheter, this part of the urobag is connected to the catheter, so we will disconnect it from here because we have blocked this path, so the urine that is coming from inside is fresh urine which is formed by the kidney and is collected in the bladder, so the chance of contamination from here will be less, so we did it in this way and opened our vial, we slowly disconnected it from here and opened it here, so the urine that will be collected in this way will be the correct urine which will go for testing.
3.  So if we send this type of urine then the correct report will come. 

You can YT  Video about UTIs which is explained by #drabhishekshukla .

 

Always remember to never give urine from the urine bag in this method If you collect urine then the result will be correct.

Thank You